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A decrease in the size of the basal ganglia following prenatal alcohol exposure - a preliminary-report

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Mattson, S. N.
  • Riley, E. P.
  • Jernigan, T. L.
  • Garcia, A.
  • Kaneko, W. M.
  • Ehlers, Cindy
  • Jones, K. L.

publication date

  • May 1994

journal

  • Neurotoxicology and Teratology  Journal

abstract

  • Prenatal alcohol exposure is known to cause damage to the central nervous system. This study sought to further elucidate the structural brain damage that occurs following prenatal alcohol exposure in both children and rats. Two children with histories of maternal alcohol abuse but who did not qualify for a diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), based on established criteria, underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Reduced volumes were found for the cerebrum and cerebellum. In addition, the proportional volume of the basal ganglia was reduced, although the proportional volumes of cortical and subcortical fluid, cortical gray matter, limbic and nonlimbic cortex, and diencephalic structures were unaffected. These findings are compared with our recent MRI findings in two cases of FAS. In addition, the caudate-putamen and ventricular areas were assessed in rats exposed to alcohol prenatally. Whereas the overall brain section area was not reduced in size, the area of the caudate-putamen was reduced and that of the ventricles was enlarged.

subject areas

  • Animals
  • Basal Ganglia
  • Brain
  • Ethanol
  • Female
  • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Pregnancy
  • Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Research

keywords

  • BASAL GANGLIA
  • BRAIN
  • FAS
  • MRI
  • PRENATAL ALCOHOL EXPOSURE
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Identity

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0892-0362

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1016/0892-0362(94)90050-7

PubMed ID

  • 7935262
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 283

end page

  • 289

volume

  • 16

issue

  • 3

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