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Determinants of the heme-CO vibrational modes in the H-NOX family

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Tran, R.
  • Weinert, E. E.
  • Boon, E. M.
  • Mathies, R. A.
  • Marletta, Michael

publication date

  • August 2011

journal

  • Biochemistry  Journal

abstract

  • The Heme Nitric oxide/OXygen binding (H-NOX) family of proteins have important functions in gaseous ligand signaling in organisms from bacteria to humans, including nitric oxide (NO) sensing in mammals, and provide a model system for probing ligand selectivity in hemoproteins. A unique vibrational feature that is ubiquitous throughout the H-NOX family is the presence of a high C-O stretching frequency. To investigate the cause of this spectroscopic characteristic, the Fe-CO and C-O stretching frequencies were probed in the H-NOX domain from Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis (Tt H-NOX) using resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy. Four classes of heme pocket mutants were generated to assess the changes in stretching frequency: (i) the distal H-bonding network, (ii) the proximal histidine ligand, (iii) modulation of the heme conformation via Ile-5 and Pro-115, and (iv) the conserved Tyr-Ser-Arg (YxSxR) motif. These mutations revealed important electrostatic interactions that dampen the back-donation of the Fe(II) d(π) electrons into the CO π* orbitals. The most significant change occurred upon disruption of the H-bonds between the strictly conserved YxSxR motif and the heme propionate groups, producing two dominant CO-bound heme conformations. One conformer was structurally similar to Tt H-NOX WT, whereas the other displayed a decrease in ν(C-O) of up to ∼70 cm(-1) relative to the WT protein, with minimal changes in ν(Fe-CO). Taken together, these results show that the electrostatic interactions in the Tt H-NOX binding pocket are primarily responsible for the high ν(C-O) by decreasing the Fe d(π) → CO π* back-donation and suggest that the dominant mechanism by which this family modulates the Fe(II)-CO bond likely involves the YxSxR motif.

subject areas

  • Amino Acid Motifs
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Carbon Monoxide
  • Ferrous Compounds
  • Hemeproteins
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Bonding
  • Ligands
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Oxygen
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Signal Transduction
  • Spectrum Analysis, Raman
  • Static Electricity
  • Thermoanaerobacter
  • Vibration
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Identity

PubMed Central ID

  • PMC3148809

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0006-2960

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1021/bi200551s

PubMed ID

  • 21714509
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 6519

end page

  • 6530

volume

  • 50

issue

  • 30

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