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Activated protein C prevents neuronal apoptosis via protease activated receptors 1 and 3

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Guo, H.
  • Liu, D.
  • Gelbard, H.
  • Cheng, T.
  • Insalaco, R.
  • Fernandez, J. A.
  • Griffin, John
  • Zlokovic, B. V.

publication date

  • February 2004

journal

  • Neuron  Journal

abstract

  • Activated protein C (APC), a serine protease with anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities, exerts direct cytoprotective effects on endothelium via endothelial protein C receptor-dependent activation of protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1). Here, we report that APC protects mouse cortical neurons from two divergent inducers of apoptosis, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and staurosporine. APC blocked several steps in NMDA-induced apoptosis downstream to nitric oxide, i.e., caspase-3 activation, nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and induction of p53, and prevented staurosporine-induced apoptosis by blocking caspase-8 activation upstream of caspase-3 activation and AIF nuclear translocation. Intracerebral APC infusion dose dependently reduced NMDA excitotoxicity in mice. By using different anti-PARs antibodies and mice with single PAR1, PAR3, or PAR4 deletion, we demonstrated that direct neuronal protective effects of APC in vitro and in vivo require PAR1 and PAR3. Thus, PAR1 and PAR3 mediate anti-apoptotic signaling by APC in neurons, which may suggest novel treatments for neurodegenerative disorders.

subject areas

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Apoptosis Inducing Factor
  • Caspases
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cerebral Cortex
  • Fetus
  • Flavoproteins
  • Male
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • N-Methylaspartate
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Neurons
  • Protein C
  • Receptor, PAR-1
  • Receptors, Thrombin
  • Staurosporine
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
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Identity

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0896-6273

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1016/s0896-6273(04)00019-4

PubMed ID

  • 14980205
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 563

end page

  • 572

volume

  • 41

issue

  • 4

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