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Saphire, Erica Ollmann
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Saphire, Erica Ollmann

Faculty Member
Faculty Member Adjunct
Graduate Student
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Positions

  • 2019 - Faculty Member, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology
  • 2019 - Professor Adjunct, Immunology and Microbiology , Scripps Research
  • 2019 - Professor Adjunct (Joint Appointment), Integrative Structural and Computational Biology (ISCB) , Scripps Research
  • 2017 - 2019 Professor, Immunology and Microbiology , Scripps Research
  • 2013 - 2019 Professor (Joint Appointment), Integrative Structural and Computational Biology (ISCB) , Scripps Research
  • 2008 - 2019 Member, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology , Scripps Research
  • 2003 - 2019 Faculty Member, Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences , Scripps Research
  • 2012 - 2017 Professor, Immunology and Microbial Science (IMS) , Scripps Research
  • 2008 - 2012 Associate Professor, Immunology and Microbial Science (IMS) , Scripps Research
  • 2003 - 2007 Assistant Professor, Immunology and Microbial Science (IMS) , Scripps Research
  • 2002 Senior Research Associate, Immunology and Microbial Science (IMS) , Scripps Research
  • 2000 - 2002 Research Associate, Immunology and Microbial Science (IMS) , Scripps Research
  • 2000 - 2002 Research Associate, Molecular Biology , Scripps Research
Dr. Erica Ollmann Saphire combines x-ray crystallography, biochemistry, and immunology to analyse proteins that play key roles in the pathogenesis of Ebola and other viral hemorrhagic fevers; structures of these proteins provide templates for vaccine design and enable rapid responses to newly emerging forms of the viruses.

Research Areas research areas

  • Ebola virus disease (UMLS)
  • Ebolavirus (UMLS)
  • Marburg virus disease (UMLS)

Contact

  • erica@scripps.edu

Websites

  • Erica Ollmann Saphire, Ph.D.
  • Laboratory Website
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Publications

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    • Ilinykh, P. A., Huang, K., Santos, R. I., Gilchuk, P., Gunn, B. M., Karim, M. M., Liang, J., Fouch, M. E., Davidson, E., Parekh, D. V., Kimble, J. B., Pietzsch, C. A., et al. Non-neutralizing Antibodies from a Marburg Infection Survivor Mediate Protection by Fc-Effector Functions and by Enhancing Efficacy of Other Antibodies Cell Host & Microbe  2020 27:976-991  DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.025  PMID:32320678  PMCID:PMC7292764
    • Gilchuk, P., Murin, C. D., Milligan, J. C., Cross, R. W., Mire, C. E., Ilinykh, P. A., Huang, K., Kuzmina, N., Altman, P. X., Hui, S., Gunn, B. M., Bryan, A. L., et al. Analysis of a therapeutic antibody cocktail reveals determinants for cooperative and broad ebolavirus neutralization Immunity  2020 52:388-403  DOI:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.01.001  PMID:32023489
    • Lin, A. E., Diehl, W. E., Cai, Y., Finch, C. L., Akusobi, C., Kirchdoerfer, R. N., Bollinger, L., Schaffner, S. F., Brown, E. A., Saphire, E. O., Andersen, K. G., Kuhn, J. H., et al. Reporter assays for Ebola virus nucleoprotein oligomerization, virion-like particle budding, and minigenome activity reveal the importance of nucleoprotein amino acid position 111 Viruses-Basel  2020 12  DOI:10.3390/v12010105  PMID:31952352  PMCID:PMC7019320
    • Hastie, K. M., Cross, R. W., Harkins, S. S., Zandonatti, M. A., Koval, A. P., Heinrich, M. L., Rowland, M. M., Robinson, J. E., Geisbert, T. W., Garry, R. F., Branco, L. M., Saphire, E. O. Convergent structures illuminate features for germline antibody binding and pan-Lassa virus neutralization Cell  2019 178:1004-1015  DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2019.07.020  PMID:31398326
    • Landeras-Bueno, S., Oda, S. I., Norris, M. J., Li Salie, Z., Guenaga, J., Wyatt, R. T., Saphire, E. O. Sudan Ebolavirus VP35-NP crystal structure reveals a potential target for pan-filovirus treatment MBio  2019 10:e00734-19  DOI:10.1128/mBio.00734-19  PMID:31337716  PMCID:PMC6650547
    • Davis, C. W., Jackson, K. J. L., McElroy, A. K., Halfmann, P., Huang, J., Chennareddy, C., Piper, A. E., Leung, Y., Albarino, C. G., Crozier, I., Ellebedy, A. H., Sidney, J., et al. Longitudinal analysis of the human B cell response to Ebola virus infection Cell  2019 177:1566-1582  DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2019.04.036  PMID:31104840
    • Kirchdoerfer, R. N., Saphire, E. O., Ward, A. B. Cryo-EM structure of the Ebola virus nucleoprotein-RNA complex Acta Crystallographica Section F-Structural Biology Communications  2019 75:340-347  DOI:10.1107/s2053230x19004424  PMID:31045563  PMCID:PMC6497097
    • King, L. B.*, West, B. R.*, Moyer, C. L., Gilchuk, P., Flyak, A., Ilinykh, P. A., Bombardi, R., Hui, S., Huang, K., Bukreyev, A., Crowe, J. E., Saphire, E. O. Cross-reactive neutralizing human survivor monoclonal antibody BDBV223 targets the ebolavirus stalk Nature Communications  2019 10  DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-09732-7  PMID:30996276  PMCID:PMC6470140 (* = equal contribution)
    • Bruhn, J. F., Hotard, A. L., Spiropoulou, C. F., Lo, M. K., Saphire, E. O. A conserved basic patch and central kink in the nipah virus phosphoprotein multimerization domain are essential for polymerase function Structure  2019 27:660-668  DOI:10.1016/j.str.2019.01.012  PMID:30799076
    • Williamson, L. E., Flyak, A. I., Kose, N., Bombardi, R., Branchizio, A., Reddy, S., Davidson, E., Doranz, B. J., Fusco, M. L., Saphire, E. O., Hoffmann, P. J., Kawaoka, Y., et al. Early human B cell response to Ebola virus in four US survivors of infection Journal of Virology  2019 93  DOI:10.1128/jvi.01439-18  PMID:30728263  PMCID:PMC6450119
    • West, B. R., Wec, A. Z., Moyer, C. L., Fusco, M. L., Ilinykh, P. A., Huang, K., Wirchnianski, A. S., James, R. M., Herbert, A. S., Hui, S., Goodwin, E., Howell, K. A., et al. Structural basis of broad ebolavirus neutralization by a human survivor antibody Nature Structural & Molecular Biology  2019 26:204-212  DOI:10.1038/s41594-019-0191-4  PMID:30833785  PMCID:PMC6402988
    • King, L. B., Milligan, J. C., West, B. R., Schendel, S. L., Saphire, E. O. Achieving cross-reactivity with pan-ebolavirus antibodies Current Opinion in Virology  2019 34:140-148  DOI:10.1016/j.coviro.2019.01.003  PMID:30884329
    • Milligan, J. C., Parekh, D. V., Fuller, K. M., Igarashi, M., Takada, A., Saphire, E. O. Structural characterization of pan-Ebolavirus antibody 6D6 targeting the fusion peptide of the surface glycoprotein Journal of Infectious Diseases  2019 219:415-419  DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiy532  PMID:30203042  PMCID:PMC6325343
    • Bramble, M. S., Hoff, N., Gilchuk, P., Mukadi, P., Lu, K., Doshi, R. H., Steffen, I., Nicholson, B. P., Lipson, A., Vashist, N., Sinai, C., Spencer, D., et al. Pan-filovirus serum neutralizing antibodies in a subset of Congolese ebolavirus infection survivors Journal of Infectious Diseases  2018 218:1929-1936  DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiy453  PMID:30107445  PMCID:PMC6217721
    • Patel, A., Park, D. H., Davis, C. W., Smith, T. R. F., Leung, A., Tierney, K., Bryan, A., Davidson, E., Yu, X., Racine, T., Reed, C., Gorman, M. E., et al. In vivo delivery of synthetic human DNA-encoded monoclonal antibodies protect against ebolavirus infection in a mouse model Cell Reports  2018 25:1982-1993  DOI:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.062  PMID:30428362
    • Saphire, E. O., Schendel, S. L., Gunn, B. M., Milligan, J. C., Alter, G. Antibody-mediated protection against Ebola virus Nature Immunology  2018 19:1169-1178  DOI:10.1038/s41590-018-0233-9  PMID:30333617
    • West, B. R., Moyer, C. L., King, L. B., Fusco, M. L., Milligan, J. C., Hui, S., Saphire, E. O. Structural basis of pan-ebolavirus neutralization by a human antibody against a conserved, yet cryptic epitope MBio  2018 9:e01674-18  DOI:10.1128/mBio.01674-18  PMID:30206174  PMCID:PMC6134094
    • Gilchuk, P., Kuzmina, N., Ilinykh, P. A., Huang, K., Gunn, B. M., Bryan, A., Davidson, E., Doranz, B. J., Turner, H. L., Fusco, M. L., Bramble, M. S., Hoff, N. A., et al. Multifunctional pan-ebolavirus antibody recognizes a site of broad vulnerability on the ebolavirus glycoprotein Immunity  2018 49:363-374  DOI:10.1016/j.immuni.2018.06.018  PMID:30029854  PMCID:PMC6104738
    • Meyer, M., Yoshida, A., Ramanathan, P., Saphire, E. O., Collins, P. L., Crowe, J. E., Samal, S., Bukreyev, A. Antibody repertoires to the same Ebola vaccine antigen are differentially affected by vaccine vectors Cell Reports  2018 24:1816-1829  DOI:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.044  PMID:30110638
    • Saphire, E. O., Schendel, S. L., Fusco, M. L., Gangavarapu, K., Gunn, B. M., Wec, A. Z., Halfmann, P. J., Brannan, J. M., Herbert, A. S., Qiu, X. G., Wagh, K., He, S., et al. Systematic analysis of monoclonal antibodies against Ebola virus GP defines features that contribute to protection Cell  2018 174:938-952  DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.033  PMID:30096313  PMCID:PMC6102396
    • Gunn, B. M., Yu, W. H., Karim, M. M., Brannan, J. M., Herbert, A. S., Wec, A. Z., Halfmann, P. J., Fusco, M. L., Schendel, S. L., Gangavarapu, K., Krause, T., Qiu, X., et al. A role for Fc function in therapeutic monoclonal antibody-mediated protection against Ebola virus Cell Host & Microbe  2018 24:221-233  DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2018.07.009  PMID:30092199
    • Hastie, K. M., Saphire, E. O. Lassa virus glycoprotein: stopping a moving target Current Opinion in Virology  2018 31:52-58  DOI:10.1016/j.coviro.2018.05.002  PMID:29843991  PMCID:PMC6193841
    • King, L. B.*, West, B. R.*, Schendel, S. L., Saphire, E. O. The structural basis for filovirus neutralization by monoclonal antibodies Curr Opin Immunol  2018 53:196-202  DOI:10.1016/j.coi.2018.05.001  PMID:29940415 (* = equal contribution)
    • Flyak, A. I., Kuzmina, N., Murin, C. D., Bryan, C., Davidson, E., Gilchuk, P., Gulka, C. P., Ilinykh, P. A., Shen, X. L., Huang, K., Ramanathan, P., Turner, H., et al. Broadly neutralizing antibodies from human survivors target a conserved site in the Ebola virus glycoprotein HR2-MPER region Nature Microbiology  2018 3:670-677  DOI:10.1038/s41564-018-0157-z  PMID:29736037
    • Amanat, F., Duehr, J., Oestereich, L., Hastie, K. M., Saphire, E. O., Krammer, F. Antibodies to the glycoprotein GP2 subunit cross-react between old and new world arenaviruses mSphere  2018 3:e00189-18  DOI:10.1128/mSphere.00189-18  PMID:29720525  PMCID:PMC5932378
    • Boisen, M. L., Hartnett, J. N., Shaffer, J. G., Goba, A., Momoh, M., Sandi, J. D., Fullah, M., Nelson, D. K. S., Bush, D. J., Rowland, M. M., Heinrich, M. L., Koval, A. P., et al. Field validation of recombinant antigen immunoassays for diagnosis of Lassa fever Scientific Reports  2018 8  DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-24246-w  PMID:29651117  PMCID:PMC5897328
    • Del Vecchio, K., Frick, C. T., Gc, J. B., Oda, S. I., Gerstman, B. S., Saphire, E. O., Chapagain, P. P., Stahelin, R. V. A cationic, C-terminal patch and structural rearrangements in Ebola virus matrix VP40 protein control its interactions with phosphatidylserine Journal of Biological Chemistry  2018 293:3335-3349  DOI:10.1074/jbc.M117.816280  PMID:29348171  PMCID:PMC5836117
    • King, L. B., Fusco, M. L., Flyak, A. I., Ilinykh, P. A., Huang, K., Gunn, B., Kirchdoerfer, R. N., Hastie, K. M., Sangha, A. K., Meiler, J., Alter, G., Bukreyev, A., et al. The Marburgvirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody MR191 targets a conserved site to block virus receptor binding Cell Host & Microbe  2018 23:101-109  DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2017.12.003  PMID:29324225  PMCID:PMC5772738
    • Sangha, A. K., Dong, J., Williamson, L., Hashiguchi, T., Saphire, E. O., Crowe, J. E., Meiler, J. Role of non-local interactions between CDR loops in binding affinity of MR78 antibody to Marburg virus glycoprotein Structure  2017 25:1820-1828  DOI:10.1016/j.str.2017.10.005  PMID:29153506  PMCID:PMC5718948
    • Galan-Navarro, C., Rincon-Restrepo, M., Zimmer, G., Saphire, E. O., Hubbell, J. A., Hirosue, S., Swartz, M. A., Kunz, S. Oxidation-sensitive polymersomes as vaccine nanocarriers enhance humoral responses against Lassa virus envelope glycoprotein Virology  2017 512:161-171  DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2017.09.013  PMID:28963882
    • Hastie, K. M., Zandonatti, M. A., Kleinfelter, L. M., Heinrich, M. L., Rowland, M. M., Chandran, K., Branco, L. M., Robinson, J. E., Garry, R. F., Saphire, E. O. Structural basis for antibody-mediated neutralization of Lassa virus Science  2017 356:923-928  DOI:10.1126/science.aam7260  PMID:28572385
    • Saphire, E. O., Dye, J. M., Kobinger, G. P., Zeitlin, L., Chandran, K., Garry, R. F. How to turn competitors into collaborators Nature  2017 541:283-285  PMID:28102273
    • Bruhn, J. F., Kirchdoerfer, R. N., Urata, S. M., Li, S., Tickle, I. J., Bricogne, G., Saphire, E. O. Crystal structure of the Marburg virus VP35 oligomerization domain Journal of Virology  2017 91  DOI:10.1128/jvi.01085-16  PMID:27847355  PMCID:PMC5215338
    • Kirchdoerfer, R. N., Wasserman, H., Amarasinghe, G. K., Saphire, E. O. Filovirus structural biology: the molecules in the machine Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology  2017 411:381-417  DOI:10.1007/82_2017_16  PMID:28795188
    • Wec, A. Z., Nyakatura, E. K., Herbert, A. S., Howell, K. A., Holtsberg, F. W., Bakken, R. R., Mittler, E., Christin, J. R., Shulenin, S., Jangra, R. K., Bharrhan, S., Kuehne, A. I., et al. A "Trojan horse" bispecific-antibody strategy for broad protection against ebolaviruses Science  2016 354:350-354  DOI:10.1126/science.aag3267  PMID:27608667
    • Goba, A., Khan, S. H., Fonnie, M., Fullah, M., Moigboi, A., Kovoma, A., Sinnah, V., Yoko, N., Rogers, H., Safai, S., Momoh, M., Koroma, V., et al. An outbreak of Ebola virus disease in the Lassa fever zone Journal of Infectious Diseases  2016 214:S110-S121  DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiw239  PMID:27402779  PMCID:PMC5050470
    • Cross, R. W., Boisen, M. L., Millett, M. M., Nelson, D. S., Oottamasathien, D., Hartnett, J. N., Jones, A. B., Goba, A., Momoh, M., Fullah, M., Bornholdt, Z. A., Fusco, M. L., et al. Analytical validation of the ReEBOV antigen rapid test for point-of-care diagnosis of Ebola virus infection Journal of Infectious Diseases  2016 214:S210-S217  DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiw293  PMID:27587634  PMCID:PMC5050482
    • Kirchdoerfer, R. N., Moyer, C. L., Abelson, D. M., Saphire, E. O. The Ebola virus VP30-NP interaction Is a regulator of viral RNA synthesis PLoS Pathogens  2016 12  DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005937  PMID:27755595  PMCID:PMC5068707
    • Saphire, E. O., Aman, M. J. Feverish quest for ebola immunotherapy: straight or cocktail? Trends in Microbiology  2016 24:684-686  DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2016.05.008  PMID:27338027
    • Pallesen, J., Murin, C. D., de Val, N., Cottrell, C. A., Hastie, K. M., Turner, H. L., Fusco, M. L., Flyak, A. I., Zeitlin, L., Crowe, J. E., Andersen, K. G., Saphire, E. O., et al. Structures of Ebola virus GP and sGP in complex with therapeutic antibodies Nature Microbiology  2016 1  DOI:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.128  PMID:27562261  PMCID:PMC5003320
    • Hastie, K. M., Igonet, S., Sullivan, B. M., Legrand, P., Zandonatti, M. A., Robinson, J. E., Garry, R. F., Rey, F. A., Oldstone, M. B., Saphire, E. O. Crystal structure of the prefusion surface glycoprotein of the prototypic arenavirus LCMV Nature Structural & Molecular Biology  2016 23:513-521  DOI:10.1038/nsmb.3210  PMID:27111888  PMCID:PMC4945123
    • Howell, K. A., Qiu, X., Brannan, J. M., Bryan, C., Davidson, E., Holtsberg, F. W., Wec, A. Z., Shulenin, S., Biggins, J. E., Douglas, R., Enterlein, S. G., Turner, H. L., et al. Antibody treatment of Ebola and Sudan virus infection via a uniquely exposed epitope within the glycoprotein receptor-binding site Cell Reports  2016 15:1514-1526  DOI:10.1016/j.celrep.2016.04.026  PMID:27160900  PMCID:PMC4871745
    • Hastie, K. M., Zandonatti, M., Liu, T., Li, S., Woods Jr., V. L., Saphire, E. O. Crystal structure of the oligomeric form of Lassa virus matrix protein Z Journal of Virology  2016 90:4556-4562  DOI:10.1128/jvi.02896-15  PMID:26912609  PMCID:PMC4836352
    • Robinson, J. E., Hastie, K. M., Cross, R. W., Yenni, R. E., Elliott, D. H., Rouelle, J. A., Kannadka, C. B., Smira, A. A., Garry, C. E., Bradley, B. T., Yu, H., Shaffer, J. G., et al. Most neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies target novel epitopes requiring both Lassa virus glycoprotein subunits Nature Communications  2016 7  DOI:10.1038/ncomms11544  PMID:27161536  PMCID:PMC4866400
    • Qiu, X., Audet, J., Lv, M., He, S., Wong, G., Wei, H., Luo, L., Fernando, L., Kroeker, A., Bovendo, H. F., Bello, A., Li, F., et al. Two-mAb cocktail protects macaques against the Makona variant of Ebola virus Science Translational Medicine  2016 8  DOI:10.1126/scitranslmed.aad9875  PMID:26962157
    • Bornholdt, Z. A., Turner, H. L., Murin, C. D., Li, W., Sok, D., Souders, C. A., Piper, A. E., Goff, A., Shamblin, J. D., Wollen, S. E., Sprague, T. R., Fusco, M. L., et al. Isolation of potent neutralizing antibodies from a survivor of the 2014 Ebola virus outbreak Science  2016 351:1078-1083  DOI:10.1126/science.aad5788  PMID:26912366  PMCID:PMC4900763
    • Oda, S., Noda, T., Wijesinghe, K. J., Halfmann, P., Bornholdt, Z. A., Abelson, D. M., Armbrust, T., Stahelin, R. V., Kawaoka, Y., Saphire, E. O. Crystal structure of Marburg virus VP40 reveals a broad, basic patch for matrix assembly and a requirement of the N-terminal domain for immunosuppression Journal of Virology  2016 90:1839-1848  DOI:10.1128/jvi.01597-15  PMID:26656687  PMCID:PMC4733994
    • Flyak, A. I., Shen, X., Murin, C. D., Turner, H. L., David, J. A., Fusco, M. L., Lampley, R., Kose, N., Ilinykh, P. A., Kuzmina, N., Branchizio, A., King, H., et al. Cross-reactive and potent neutralizing antibody responses in human survivors of natural Ebolavirus infection Cell  2016 164:392-405  DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.022  PMID:26806128  PMCID:PMC4733404
    • Bornholdt, Z. A., Ndungo, E., Fusco, M. L., Bale, S., Flyak, A. I., Crowe Jr., J. E., Chandran, K., Saphire, E. O. Host-primed Ebola virus GP exposes a hydrophobic NPC1 receptor-binding pocket, revealing a target for broadly neutralizing antibodies MBio  2016 7:e02154-15  DOI:10.1128/mBio.02154-15  PMID:26908579  PMCID:PMC4791852
    • Holtsberg, F. W., Shulenin, S., Vu, H., Howell, K. A., Patel, S. J., Gunn, B., Karim, M., Lai, J. R., Frei, J. C., Nyakatura, E. K., Zeitlin, L., Douglas, R., et al. Pan-ebolavirus and pan-filovirus mouse monoclonal antibodies: protection against Ebola and Sudan viruses Journal of Virology  2016 90:266-278  DOI:10.1128/jvi.02171-15  PMID:26468533  PMCID:PMC4702560
    • Kielian, M., Saphire, E. O. Potent antibody protection against an emerging alphavirus threat Cell  2015 163:1053-1054  DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2015.11.006  PMID:26590413
    • Boisen, M. L., Oottamasathien, D., Jones, A. B., Millett, M. M., Nelson, D. S., Bornholdt, Z., Fusco, M. L., Abelson, D. M., Oda, S., Hartnett, J. N., Rowland, M. M., Heinrich, M. L., et al. Development of prototype filovirus recombinant antigen immunoassays Journal of Infectious Diseases  2015 212:S359-S367  DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiv353  PMID:26232440  PMCID:PMC4564556
    • Clifton, M. C., Bruhn, J. F., Atkins, K., Webb, T. L., Baydo, R. O., Raymond, A., Lorimer, D. D., Edwards, T. E., Myler, P. J., Saphire, E. O. High-resolution crystal structure of dimeric VP40 from Sudan ebolavirus Journal of Infectious Diseases  2015 212:S167-S171  DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiv090  PMID:25957961  PMCID:PMC4564533
    • Burton, D. R., Saphire, E. O. Swift antibodies to counter emerging viruses Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America  2015 112:10082-10083  DOI:10.1073/pnas.1513050112  PMID:26261336  PMCID:PMC4547222
    • Kirchdoerfer, R. N., Abelson, D. M., Li, S., Wood, M. R., Saphire, E. O. Assembly of the ebola virus nucleoprotein from a chaperoned VP35 complex Cell Reports  2015 12:140-149  DOI:10.1016/j.celrep.2015.06.003  PMID:26119732  PMCID:PMC4500542
    • Fusco, M. L., Hashiguchi, T., Cassan, R., Biggins, J. E., Murin, C. D., Warfield, K. L., Li, S., Holtsberg, F. W., Shulenin, S., Vu, H., Olinger, G. G., Kim, D. H., et al. Protective mAbs and cross-reactive mAbs raised by immunization with engineered Marburg virus GPs PLoS Pathogens  2015 11:e1005016  DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005016  PMID:26115029  PMCID:PMC4482612
    • Saphire, E. O. New advances in the effort against Ebola Cell Host & Microbe  2015 17:545-547  DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2015.04.015  PMID:25974296
    • Flyak, A. I., Ilinykh, P. A., Murin, C. D., Garron, T., Shen, X., Fusco, M. L., Hashiguchi, T., Bornholdt, Z. A., Slaughter, J. C., Sapparapu, G., Klages, C., Ksiazek, T. G., et al. Mechanism of human antibody-mediated neutralization of Marburg virus Cell  2015 160:893-903  DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2015.01.031  PMID:25723164  PMCID:PMC4344968
    • Hashiguchi, T., Fusco, M. L., Bornholdt, Z. A., Lee, J. E., Flyak, A. I., Matsuoka, R., Kohda, D., Yanagi, Y., Hammel, M., Crowe Jr., J. E., Saphire, E. O. Structural basis for Marburg virus neutralization by a cross-reactive human antibody Cell  2015 160:904-912  DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2015.01.041  PMID:25723165  PMCID:PMC4344967
    • Boisen, M. L., Schieffelin, J. S., Goba, A., Oottamasathien, D., Jones, A. B., Shaffer, J. G., Hastie, K. M., Hartnett, J. N., Momoh, M., Fullah, M., Gabiki, M., Safa, S., et al. Multiple circulating infections can mimic the early stages of viral hemorrhagic fevers and possible human exposure to filoviruses in Sierra Leone prior to the 2014 outbreak Viral Immunology  2015 28:19-31  DOI:10.1089/vim.2014.0108  PMID:25531344  PMCID:PMC4287116
    • Murin, C. D., Fusco, M. L., Bornholdt, Z. A., Qiu, X., Olinger, G. G., Zeitlin, L., Kobinger, G. P., Ward, A. B., Saphire, E. O. Structures of protective antibodies reveal sites of vulnerability on Ebola virus Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America  2014 111:17182-17187  DOI:10.1073/pnas.1414164111  PMID:25404321  PMCID:PMC4260551
    • Kuhn, J. H., Andersen, K. G., Bao, Y., Bavari, S., Becker, S., Bennett, R. S., Bergman, N. H., Blinkova, O., Bradfute, S., Brister, J. R., Bukreyev, A., Chandran, K., et al. Filovirus RefSeq entries: evaluation and selection of filovirus type variants, type sequences, and names Viruses-Basel  2014 6:3663-3682  DOI:10.3390/v6093663  PMID:25256396  PMCID:PMC4189044
    • Zhang, A. P. P., Bornholdt, Z. A., Abelson, D. M., Saphire, E. O. Crystal structure of Marburg virus VP24 Journal of Virology  2014 88:5859-5863  DOI:10.1128/jvi.03565-13  PMID:24574400  PMCID:PMC4019143
    • Kuhn, J. H., Bao, Y., Bavari, S., Becker, S., Bradfute, S., Brauburger, K., Brister, J. R., Bukreyev, A. A., Cai, Y., Chandran, K., Davey, R. A., Dolnik, O., et al. Virus nomenclature below the species level: a standardized nomenclature for filovirus strains and variants rescued from cDNA Archives of Virology  2014 159:1229-1237  DOI:10.1007/s00705-013-1877-2  PMID:24190508  PMCID:PMC4010566
    • Bukreyev, A. A., Chandran, K., Dolnik, O., Dye, J. M., Ebihara, H., Leroy, E. M., Muhlberger, E., Netesov, S. V., Patterson, J. L., Paweska, J. T., Saphire, E. O., Smither, S. J., et al. Discussions and decisions of the 2012-2014 International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Filoviridae Study Group, January 2012-June 2013 Archives of Virology  2014 159:821-830  DOI:10.1007/s00705-013-1846-9  PMID:24122154  PMCID:PMC3984924
    • Clifton, M. C., Kirchdoerfer, R. N., Atkins, K., Abendroth, J., Raymond, A., Grice, R., Barnes, S., Moen, S., Lorimer, D., Edwards, T. E., Myler, P. J., Saphire, E. O. Structure of the Reston ebolavirus VP30 C-terminal domain Acta Crystallographica Section F-Structural Biology Communications  2014 70:457-460  DOI:10.1107/s2053230x14003811  PMID:24699737  PMCID:PMC3976061
    • Diebolder, C. A., Beurskens, F. J., de Jong, R. N., Koning, R. I., Strumane, K., Lindorfer, M. A., Voorhorst, M., Ugurlar, D., Rosati, S., Heck, A. J. R., van de Winkel, J. G. J., Wilson, I. A., et al. Complement is activated by IgG hexamers assembled at the cell surface Science  2014 343:1260-1263  DOI:10.1126/science.1248943  PMID:24626930  PMCID:PMC4250092
    • Bruhn, J. F., Barnett, K. C., Bibby, J., Thomas, J. M. H., Keegan, R. M., Rigden, D. J., Bornholdt, Z. A., Saphire, E. O. Crystal structure of the Nipah virus phosphoprotein tetramerization domain Journal of Virology  2014 88:758-762  DOI:10.1128/jvi.02294-13  PMID:24155387  PMCID:PMC3911761
    • Shaffer, J. G., Grant, D. S., Schieffelin, J. S., Boisen, M. L., Goba, A., Hartnett, J. N., Levy, D. C., Yenni, R. E., Moses, L. M., Fullah, M., Momoh, M., Fonnie, M., et al. Lassa Fever in post-conflict Sierra Leone PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases  2014 8:e2748  DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002748  PMID:24651047  PMCID:PMC3961205
    • Olal, D., Dick, A., Woods Jr., V. L., Liu, T., Li, S., Devignot, S., Weber, F., Saphire, E. O., Daumke, O. Structural insights into RNA encapsidation and helical assembly of the Toscana virus nucleoprotein Nucleic Acids Research  2014 42:6025-6037  DOI:10.1093/nar/gku229  PMID:24688060  PMCID:PMC4027202
    • West, B. R., Hastie, K. M., Saphire, E. O. Structure of the LCMV nucleoprotein provides a template for understanding arenavirus replication and immunosuppression Acta Crystallographica Section D-Biological Crystallography  2014 70:1764-1769  DOI:10.1107/s1399004714007883  PMID:24914986  PMCID:PMC4051510
    • Saphire, E. O. An update on the use of antibodies against the filoviruses Immunotherapy  2013 5:1221-1233  DOI:10.2217/imt.13.124  PMID:24188676  PMCID:PMC4465755
    • Bale, S., Julien, J. P., Bornholdt, Z. A., Krois, A. S., Wilson, I. A., Saphire, E. O. Ebolavirus VP35 Coats the Backbone of Double-Stranded RNA for Interferon Antagonism Journal of Virology  2013 87:10385-10388  DOI:10.1128/jvi.01452-13  PMID:23824825  PMCID:PMC3753998
    • Bornholdt, Z. A., Noda, T., Abelson, D. M., Halfmann, P., Wood, M. R., Kawaoka, Y., Saphire, E. O. Structural rearrangement of ebola virus VP40 begets multiple functions in the virus life cycle Cell  2013 154:763-774  DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2013.07.015  PMID:23953110  PMCID:PMC4138722
    • Kuhn, J. H., Bao, Y. M., Bavari, S., Becker, S., Bradfute, S., Brister, J. R., Bukreyev, A. A., Chandran, K., Davey, R. A., Dolnik, O., Dye, J. M., Enterlein, S., et al. Virus nomenclature below the species level: a standardized nomenclature for natural variants of viruses assigned to the family Filoviridae Archives of Virology  2013 158:301-311  DOI:10.1007/s00705-012-1454-0  PMID:23001720  PMCID:PMC3535543
    • Koellhoffer, J. F., Chen, G., Sandesara, R. G., Bale, S., Saphire, E. O., Chandran, K., Sidhu, S. S., Lai, J. R. Two synthetic antibodies that recognize and neutralize distinct proteolytic forms of the ebola virus envelope glycoprotein ChemBioChem  2012 13:2549-2557  DOI:10.1002/cbic.201200493  PMID:23111988  PMCID:PMC3684266
    • Bale, S., Julien, J. P., Bornholdt, Z. A., Kimberlin, C. R., Halfmann, P., Zandonatti, M. A., Kunert, J., Kroon, G. J. A., Kawaoka, Y., MacRae, I. J., Wilson, I. A., Saphire, E. O. Marburg virus VP35 can both fully coat the backbone and cap the ends of dsRNA for interferon antagonism PLoS Pathogens  2012 8:e1002916  DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002916  PMID:23028316  PMCID:PMC3441732
    • Hastie, K. M., King, L. B., Zandonatti, M. A., Saphire, E. O. Structural basis for the dsrna specificity of the lassa virus np exonuclease PLoS One  2012 7:e44211  DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0044211  PMID:22937163  PMCID:PMC3429428
    • Zhang, A. P. P., Abelson, D. M., Bornholdt, Z., Liu, T., Woods, V. L., Saphire, E. O. The ebolavirus VP24 interferon antagonist: know your enemy Virulence  2012 3:440-445  DOI:10.4161/viru.21302  PMID:23076242  PMCID:PMC3485981
    • Hastie, K. M., Bale, S., Kimberlin, C. R., Saphire, E. O. Hiding the evidence: two strategies for innate immune evasion by hemorrhagic fever viruses Current Opinion in Virology  2012 2:151-156  DOI:10.1016/j.coviro.2012.01.003  PMID:22482712  PMCID:PMC3758253
    • Olal, D., Kuehne, A. I., Bale, S., Halfmann, P., Hashiguchi, T., Fusco, M. L., Lee, J. E., King, L. B., Kawaoka, Y., Dye, J. M., Saphire, E. O. Structure of an antibody in complex with its mucin domain linear epitope that is protective against ebola virus Journal of Virology  2012 86:2809-2816  DOI:10.1128/jvi.05549-11  PMID:22171276  PMCID:PMC3302272
    • Zhang, A. P. P., Bornholdt, Z. A., Liu, T., Abelson, D. M., Lee, D. E., Li, S., Woods, V. L., Saphire, E. O. The ebola virus interferon antagonist vp24 directly binds stat1 and has a novel, pyramidal fold PLoS Pathogens  2012 8:e1002550  DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002550  PMID:22383882  PMCID:PMC3285596
    • Brecher, M., Schornberg, K. L., Delos, S. E., Fusco, M. L., Saphire, E. O., White, J. M. Cathepsin cleavage potentiates the ebola virus glycoprotein to undergo a subsequent fusion-relevant conformational change Journal of Virology  2012 86:364-372  DOI:10.1128/jvi.05708-11  PMID:22031933  PMCID:PMC3255896
    • Dias, J. M., Kuehne, A. I., Abelson, D. M., Bale, S., Wong, A. C., Halfmann, P., Muhammad, M. A., Fusco, M. L., Zak, S. E., Kang, E., Kawaoka, Y., Chandran, K., et al. A shared structural solution for neutralizing ebolaviruses Nature Structural & Molecular Biology  2011 18:1424-1427  DOI:10.1038/nsmb.2150  PMID:22101933  PMCID:PMC3230659
    • Hastie, K. M., Liu, T., Li, S., King, L. B., Ngo, N., Zandonatti, M. A., Woods, V. L., de la Torre, J. C., Saphire, E. O. Crystal structure of the lassa virus nucleoprotein-RNA complex reveals a gating mechanism for RNA binding Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America  2011 108:19365-19370  DOI:10.1073/pnas.1108515108  PMID:22084115  PMCID:PMC3228486
    • Bale, S., Liu, T., Li, S., Wang, Y., Abelson, D., Fusco, M., Woods, V. L., Saphire, E. O. Ebola virus glycoprotein needs an additional trigger, beyond proteolytic priming for membrane fusion PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases  2011 5:e1395  DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001395  PMID:22102923  PMCID:PMC3216919
    • Hastie, K. M., Kimberlin, C. R., Zandonatti, M. A., MacRae, I. J., Saphire, E. O. Structure of the Lassa virus nucleoprotein reveals a dsRNA-specific 3' to 5' exonuclease activity essential for immune suppression Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America  2011 108:2396-2401  DOI:10.1073/pnas.1016404108  PMID:21262835  PMCID:PMC3038715
    • Kimberlin, C. R., Bornholdt, Z. A., Li, S., Woods, V. L., MacRae, I. J., Saphire, E. O. Ebolavirus VP35 uses a bimodal strategy to bind dsRNA for innate immune suppression Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America  2010 107:314-319  DOI:10.1073/pnas.0910547107  PMID:20018665  PMCID:PMC2806767
    • Lee, J. E., Saphire, E. O. Ebolavirus glycoprotein structure and mechanism of entry Future Virology  2009 4:621-635  DOI:10.2217/fvl.09.56  PMID:20198110  PMCID:PMC2829775
    • Lee, J. E., Fusco, M. L., Abelson, D. M., Hessell, A. J., Burton, D. R., Saphire, E. O. Techniques and tactics used in determining the structure of the trimeric ebolavirus glycoprotein Acta Crystallographica Section D-Biological Crystallography  2009 65:1162-1180  DOI:10.1107/s0907444909032314  PMID:19923712  PMCID:PMC2777170
    • Lee, J. E., Saphire, E. O. Neutralizing ebolavirus: Structural insights into the envelope glycoprotein and antibodies targeted against it Current Opinion in Structural Biology  2009 19:408-417  DOI:10.1016/j.sbi.2009.05.004  PMID:19559599  PMCID:PMC2759674
    • Lee, J. E., Fusco, M. L., Saphire, E. O. An efficient platform for screening expression and crystallization of glycoproteins produced in human cells Nature Protocols  2009 4:592-604  DOI:10.1038/nprot.2009.29  PMID:19373230  PMCID:PMC2911120
    • Lee, J. E., Fusco, M. L., Hessell, A. J., Oswald, W. B., Burton, D. R., Saphire, E. O. Structure of the ebola virus glycoprotein bound to an antibody from a human survivor Nature  2008 454:177-182  DOI:10.1038/nature07082  PMID:18615077  PMCID:PMC2700032
    • Lee, J. E., Kuehne, A., Abelson, D. M., Fusco, M. L., Hart, M. K., Saphire, E. O. Complex of a protective antibody with its ebola virus gp peptide epitope: Unusual features of a v lambda(x) light chain Journal of Molecular Biology  2008 375:202-216  DOI:10.1016/j.jmb.2007.10.017  PMID:18005986  PMCID:PMC2173910
    • degree-related publication Saphire, E. O., Montero, M., Menendez, A., van Houten, N. E., Irving, M. B., Pantophlet, R., Zwick, M. B., Parren, Pwhi, Burton, D. R., Scott, J. K., Wilson, I. A. Structure of a high-affinity "mimotope" peptide bound to HIV-1-neutralizing antibody b12 explains its inability to elicit gp120 cross-reactive antibodies Journal of Molecular Biology  2007 369:696-709  DOI:10.1016/j.jmb.2007.01.060  PMID:17445828  PMCID:PMC1995417
    • Cardenas, W. B., Loo, Y. M., Gale, M., Hartman, A. L., Kimberlin, C. R., Martinez-Sobrido, L., Saphire, E. O., Basler, C. F. Ebola virus VP35 protein binds double-stranded RNA and inhibits alpha/beta interferon production induced by RIG-I signaling Journal of Virology  2006 80:5168-5178  DOI:10.1128/jvi.02199-05  PMID:16698997
    • degree-related publication Zwick, M. B., Saphire, E. O., Burton, D. R. gp41: HIV's shy protein Nature Medicine  2004 10:133-134  DOI:10.1038/nm0204-133  PMID:14760422
    • degree-related publication Stanfield, R. L., Ghiara, J. B., Saphire, E. M., Profy, A. T., Wilson, I. A. Recurring conformation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 V3 loop Virology  2003 315:159-173  DOI:10.1016/s0042-6822(03)00525-7  PMID:14592768
    • degree-related publication Zwick, M. B., Parren, P. W., Saphire, E. O., Church, S., Wang, M., Scott, J. K., Dawson, P. E., Wilson, I. A., Burton, D. R. Molecular features of the broadly neutralizing immunoglobulin G1 b12 required for recognition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 Journal of Virology  2003 77:5863-5876  DOI:10.1128/jvi.77.10.5863-5876.2003  PMID:12719580  PMCID:PMC154005
    • degree-related publication Saphire, E. O., Stanfield, R. L., Crispin, M. D. M., Morris, G., Zwick, M. B., Pantophlet, R. A., Parren, P. W. H. I., Rudd, P. M., Dwek, R. A., Burton, D. R., Wilson, I. A. Crystal structure of an intact human IgG: antibody asymmetry, flexibility, and a guide for HIV-1 vaccine design Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology  2003 535:55-66  DOI:10.1007/978-1-4615-0065-0_4  PMID:14714888
    • degree-related publication Pantophlet, R., Ollmann Saphire, E., Poignard, P., Parren, P. W., Wilson, I. A., Burton, D. R. Fine mapping of the interaction of neutralizing and nonneutralizing monoclonal antibodies with the CD4 binding site of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 Journal of Virology  2003 77:642-658  DOI:10.1128/jvi.77.1.642-658.2003  PMID:12477867  PMCID:PMC140633
    • degree-related publication Scanlan, C. N., Pantophlet, R., Wormald, M. R., Saphire, E. O., Calarese, D., Stanfield, R., Wilson, I. A., Katinger, H., Dwek, R. A., Burton, D. R., Rudd, P. M. The carbohydrate epitope of the neutralizing anti-HIV-1 antibody 2G12 Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology  2003 535:205-218  DOI:10.1007/978-1-4615-0065-0_13  PMID:14714897
    • degree-related publication Scanlan, C. N., Pantophlet, R., Wormald, M. R., Saphire, E. O., Stanfield, R., Wilson, I. A., Katinger, H., Dwek, R. A., Rudd, P. M., Burton, D. R. The broadly neutralizing anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 antibody 2g12 recognizes a cluster of α1→2 mannose residues on the outer face of gp120 Journal of Virology  2002 76:7306-7321  DOI:10.1128/jvi.76.14.7306-7321.2002  PMID:12072529  PMCID:PMC136327
    • degree-related publication Saphire, E. O., Stanfield, R. L., Crispin, M. D. M., Parren, P. W. H. I., Rudd, P. M., Dwek, R. A., Burton, D. R., Wilson, I. A. Contrasting IgG structures reveal extreme asymmetry and flexibility Journal of Molecular Biology  2002 319:9-18  DOI:10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00244-9  PMID:12051932
    • degree-related publication Saphire, E. O. Structure-based drug design IDrugs  2002 5:658-661  PMID:14686344
    • degree-related publication Zwick, M. B., Labrijn, A. F., Wang, M., Spenlehauer, C., Saphire, E. O., Binley, J. M., Moore, J. P., Stiegler, G., Katinger, H., Burton, D. R., Parren, P. W. Broadly neutralizing antibodies targeted to the membrane-proximal external region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 glycoprotein gp41 Journal of Virology  2001 75:10892-10905  DOI:10.1128/jvi.75.22.10892-10905.2001  PMID:11602729  PMCID:PMC114669
    • degree-related publication Saphire, E. O., Parren, P. W. H. I. Listening for viral infection Nature Biotechnology  2001 19:823-824  DOI:10.1038/nbt0901-823  PMID:11533636
    • degree-related publication Saphire, E. O., Parren, P. W. H. I., Pantophlet, R., Zwick, M. B., Morris, G. M., Rudd, P. M., Dwek, R. A., Stanfield, R. L., Burton, D. R., Wilson, I. A. Crystal structure of a neutralizing human IGG against HIV-1: a template for vaccine design Science  2001 293:1155-1159  DOI:10.1126/science.1061692  PMID:11498595
    • degree-related publication Burton, D. R., Saphire, E. O., Parren, P. W. H. I. A model for neutralization of viruses based on antibody coating of the virion surface Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology  2001 260:109-143  PMID:11443871
    • degree-related publication Saphire, E. O., Parren, P. W., Barbas, C. F., 3rd, Burton, D. R., Wilson, I. A. Crystallization and preliminary structure determination of an intact human immunoglobulin, b12: An antibody that broadly neutralizes primary isolates of HIV-1 Acta Crystallographica Section D-Biological Crystallography  2001 57:168-171  DOI:10.1107/s0907444900017376  PMID:11134947
    • degree-related publication Poignard, P., Saphire, E. O., Parren, P. W. H. I., Burton, D. R. Gp120: Biologic aspects of structural features Annual Review of Immunology  2001 19:253-274  DOI:10.1146/annurev.immunol.19.1.253  PMID:11244037
  • chapter

    • Wasserman, H., Saphire, E. O. More than meets the eye: hidden structures in the proteome Annual Review of Virology. 373-386. 2016  DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-100114-054923

featured in

  • Consortium Led by Scripps Research Institute Scientist Wins Up to $28 Million from NIH to Find Best Proposed Ebola Treatment  News Release
  • Researchers Capture Structure of Key Part of Deadly Nipah Virus  News Release
  • Scripps Research Institute Scientists Reveal How Deadly Ebola Virus Assembles  News Release
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Research

research overview

  • Structural Studies of Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Pathogenesis

    In my laboratory, we are crystallizing proteins that play key roles in the pathogenesis and lethality of hemorrhagic fever viruses. The resulting crystal structures of these proteins will provide information seminal to the design of vaccines and inhibitors against the viruses as they exist naturally, and will also provide structural templates that would permit us to anticipate and rapidly respond to newly emerging and man-made versions of the virus and viral proteins.

    Ebola Virus

    There have been at least 10 recognized outbreaks of the Ebola virus, each with a 50-90% human case fatality. To date there are no available vaccines or treatments. An unusual feature of the viral genome is its ability to encode two different glycoproteins, sGP and GP, from the same gene. sGP and GP share 295 amino acids of N-terminal sequence, but a transcriptional editing event causes them to have different C-terminal sequences. The different C termini result in unique patterns of disulfide bonding, structures, and roles in pathogenesis. sGP forms an antiparallel dimer and is secreted in large quantities from infected cells. GP forms a parallel trimer on the viral surface, and functions in viral attachment, fusion, and tropism. GP may also cause some of the hemorrhagic symptoms seen in Ebola virus infection. Comparative structural analysis of sGP and GP should explain how two structures arise from the same sequence, and provide templates to guide the design of vaccines that elicit antibodies which target the virus rather than the secreted proteins. Additional crystal structures of these proteins in complex with human antibodies derived from survivors of Ebola virus infection will assist vaccine design.

    An additional crystallographic target is the VP35 protein, a required component of the Ebola viral capsid and transcription complex. VP35 also blocks type I interferon activation of immunomodulatory genes and may play a significant role in Ebola virus suppression of the host immune system. Hence, structural analysis of the VP35 protein may provide insights into viral replication and type I interferon suppression and will provide the structural basis for the design of anti-viral compounds and attenuated viral strains.

    Dengue Virus

    Dengue virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes up to 100 million infections per year. Infection with dengue virus results in either Dengue Fever or the much more severe disease Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Development of DHF usually occurs upon secondary infection with a different viral subtype, or in infants born to dengue-immune mothers, suggesting that in some circumstances antibodies against the virus may actually enhance disease severity. Potential antibody-mediated enhancement of dengue virus infection is a major concern in the testing and use of vaccines against dengue. Crystal structures of human antibodies in complex with dengue antigens will provide a structural basis for understanding this phenomenon and will offer novel templates for design of safe vaccines.

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Teaching

advisees

  • graduate advising relationship

    • Fang, Jingru, Ph.D.  candidate, 2019 -
    • King, Liam, Ph.D.  candidate, 2016 -
    • Yu, Xiaoying, Ph.D.  candidate, 2016 -
    • West, Brandyn, Ph.D.  candidate, 2013 - 2018
    • Bruhn, Jessica, Ph.D.  candidate, 2012 - 2016
    • Murin, Charles Daniel, Ph.D.  candidate, 2012 - 2016
    • Hastie, Kathryn, Ph.D.  candidate, 2007 - 2011
    • Kimberlin, Chris, Ph.D.  candidate, 2005 - 2010
  • postdoc or fellow advising relationship

    • West, Brandyn, Ph.D.  candidate, 2018
    • Kirchdoerfer, Robert, Ph.D.  candidate, 2012 - 2016
    • Hastie, Kathryn, Ph.D.  candidate, 2011 - 2015
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Background

education and training

  • Ph.D., Scripps Research 1994 - 2000
  • B.A. in Biochemistry & Cell Biology / Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Rice University 1989 - 1993

awards and honors

  • Gallo Award, conferred by Global Virus Network, 2018
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Contact

full name

  • Erica Ollmann Saphire

geographic location

  • Scripps California 

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