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Elucidation and chemical modulation of sulfolipid-1 biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Seeliger, J. C.
  • Holsclaw, C. M.
  • Schelle, M. W.
  • Botyanszki, Z.
  • Gilmore, S. A.
  • Tully, S. E.
  • Niederweis, M.
  • Cravatt, Benjamin
  • Leary, J. A.
  • Bertozzi, C. R.

publication date

  • March 2012

journal

  • Journal of Biological Chemistry  Journal

abstract

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis possesses unique cell-surface lipids that have been implicated in virulence. One of the most abundant is sulfolipid-1 (SL-1), a tetraacyl-sulfotrehalose glycolipid. Although the early steps in SL-1 biosynthesis are known, the machinery underlying the final acylation reactions is not understood. We provide genetic and biochemical evidence for the activities of two proteins, Chp1 and Sap (corresponding to gene loci rv3822 and rv3821), that complete this pathway. The membrane-associated acyltransferase Chp1 accepts a synthetic diacyl sulfolipid and transfers an acyl group regioselectively from one donor substrate molecule to a second acceptor molecule in two successive reactions to yield a tetraacylated product. Chp1 is fully active in vitro, but in M. tuberculosis, its function is potentiated by the previously identified sulfolipid transporter MmpL8. We also show that the integral membrane protein Sap and MmpL8 are both essential for sulfolipid transport. Finally, the lipase inhibitor tetrahydrolipstatin disrupts Chp1 activity in M. tuberculosis, suggesting an avenue for perturbing SL-1 biosynthesis in vivo. These data complete the SL-1 biosynthetic pathway and corroborate a model in which lipid biosynthesis and transmembrane transport are coupled at the membrane-cytosol interface through the activity of multiple proteins, possibly as a macromolecular complex.

subject areas

  • Acylation
  • Acyltransferases
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Biological Transport, Active
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Glycolipids
  • Lactones
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Virulence Factors
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Identity

PubMed Central ID

  • PMC3318749

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0021-9258

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1074/jbc.M111.315473

PubMed ID

  • 22194604
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 7990

end page

  • 8000

volume

  • 287

issue

  • 11

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