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Segmental linkage disequilibrium within the dopamine transporter gene

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Greenwood, T. A.
  • Alexander, M.
  • Keck, P. E.
  • McElroy, S.
  • Sadovnick, A. D.
  • Remick, R. A.
  • Shaw, S. H.
  • Kelsoe, J. R.

publication date

  • 2002

journal

  • Molecular Psychiatry  Journal

abstract

  • The dopamine transporter gene (DAT) has been implicated in a variety of disorders, including bipolar disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, cocaine-induced paranoia, Tourette's syndrome, and Parkinson's disease. As no clear functional polymorphism has been identified to date, studies rely on linkage disequilibrium (LD) to assess the possible genetic contribution of DAT to the various disorders. A better understanding of the complex structure of LD across the gene is thus critical for an accurate interpretation of the results of such studies, and may facilitate the mapping of the actual functional variants. In the process of characterizing the extent of variation within the DAT gene, we have identified a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) suitable for LD studies, 14 of which have been analyzed, along with a 3' repeat polymorphism, in a sample of 120 parent-proband triads. Calculations of pairwise LD between the SNPs in the parental haplotypes revealed a high degree of LD (P < 0.00001) in the 5' (distal promoter through intron 6) and 3' (exon 9 through exon 15) regions of DAT. This segmental LD pattern is maintained over approximately 27 kb and 20 kb in these two regions, respectively, with very little significant LD between them, possibly due to the presence of a recombination hotspot located near the middle of the gene. These analyses of the DAT gene thus reveal a complex structure resulting from both recombination and mutation, knowledge of which may be invaluable to the design of future studies.

subject areas

  • Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Family Health
  • Genetic Variation
  • Haplotypes
  • Humans
  • Linkage Disequilibrium
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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Research

keywords

  • genetic variation
  • intragenic recombination
  • linkage disequilibrium
  • single nucleotide polymorphism
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Identity

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 1359-4184

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1038/sj.mp.4000958

PubMed ID

  • 11840309
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 165

end page

  • 173

volume

  • 7

issue

  • 2

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