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Systemic immunological effects of cytokine genes injected into skeletal-muscle

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Raz, E.
  • Watanabe, A.
  • Baird, S. M.
  • Eisenberg, R. A.
  • Parr, T. B.
  • Lotz, Martin
  • Kipps, T. J.
  • Carson, D. A.

publication date

  • 1993

journal

  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America  Journal

abstract

  • Somatic gene therapy is an interesting approach for the delivery of cytokines for prolonged periods. The present experiments show that direct injections into mouse skeletal muscle of cDNA expression vectors encoding interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-4, or type beta 1 transforming growth factor (TGF-beta 1) induce biological effects characteristic of these cytokines in vivo. Mice injected intramuscularly with a vector encoding IL-2 had enhanced humoral and cellular immune responses to an exogenous antigen, transferrin, that was delivered at a separate site. These IL-2 effects were abolished by coadministration of a vector directing synthesis of TGF-beta 1. The TGF-beta 1 vector by itself depressed the anti-transferrin antibody response and caused an 8-fold increase in plasma TGF-beta 1 activity. The TGF-beta 1 plasmid injection did not cause muscle infiltration with monocytes or neutrophils and there was no evidence for fibrotic changes. Muscle injection with a cDNA encoding IL-4 selectively increased IgG1 levels but did not alter the cellular immune response to transferrin. In lupus-prone mice (MRL/lpr/lpr), injection with IL-2 expression vectors increased and TGF-beta 1 vectors decreased auto-antibodies to chromatin. These results demonstrate that intramuscular injection of cytokine genes, in the absence of infectious viral vectors, can regulate humoral and cellular immune responses in vivo.

subject areas

  • Animals
  • Antibody Formation
  • Autoantibodies
  • Cytokines
  • Gene Expression
  • Hypersensitivity, Delayed
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Injections, Intramuscular
  • Lymphoproliferative Disorders
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Mutant Strains
  • Muscles
  • Transfection
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta
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Research

keywords

  • GENE DELIVERY
  • IMMUNE MODULATION
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Identity

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0027-8424

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1073/pnas.90.10.4523

PubMed ID

  • 8506293
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 4523

end page

  • 4527

volume

  • 90

issue

  • 10

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