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Ethanol self-administration restores withdrawal-associated deficiencies in accumbal dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine release in dependent rats

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Weiss, Friedbert
  • Parsons, Loren (Larry)
  • Schulteis, G.
  • Hyytia, P.
  • Lorang, M. T.
  • Bloom, Floyd
  • Koob, George

publication date

  • May 1996

journal

  • Journal of Neuroscience  Journal

abstract

  • Basal forebrain dopamine (DA) and 5-HT neurotransmission has been implicated in the mediation of the acute reinforcing actions of ethanol. Neuroadaptation theories predict that compensatory changes in neurochemical systems that are activated by alcohol acutely may underlie symptoms of withdrawal after chronic administration. To test this hypothesis, the release of DA and 5-HT was monitored by microdialysis in the nucleus accumbens of dependent male Wistar rats at the end of a 3-5 week ethanol (8.7% w/v) liquid diet regimen, during 8 hr of withdrawal, and during renewed availability of ethanol involving (1) the opportunity to operantly self-administer ethanol (10% w/v) for 60 min, followed by (2) unlimited access to the ethanol-liquid diet. Results were compared to control groups pair-fed with ethanol-free liquid diet and trained to self-administer either ethanol or water. In nondependent rats, operant ethanol self-administration increased both DA and 5-HT release in the NAC. Withdrawal from the chronic ethanol diet produced a progressive suppression in the release of these transmitters over the 8 hr withdrawal period. Self-administration of ethanol reinstated and maintained DA release at prewithdrawal levels but failed to completely restore 5-HT efflux. 5-HT levels recovered rapidly, however, within 1 hr of reexposure to ethanol liquid diet. These findings suggest that deficits in accumbal monoamine release may contribute to the negative affective consequences ethanol withdrawal and, thereby, motivate ethanol-seeking behavior in dependent subjects.

subject areas

  • Animals
  • Dopamine
  • Ethanol
  • Male
  • Microdialysis
  • Nucleus Accumbens
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Self Administration
  • Serotonin
  • Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
  • Time Factors
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Research

keywords

  • 5-HT
  • dependence
  • dopamine
  • ethanol
  • microdialysis
  • nucleus accumbens
  • reinforcement
  • self-administration
  • withdrawal
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Identity

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0270-6474

PubMed ID

  • 8627380
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 3474

end page

  • 3485

volume

  • 16

issue

  • 10

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