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Ethanol and some tetrahydroisoquinolines alter the discharge of cortical and hippocampal-neurons - relationship to endogenous opioids

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Berger, T.
  • French, E. D.
  • Siggins, George
  • Shier, W. T.
  • Bloom, Floyd

publication date

  • 1982

journal

  • Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior  Journal

abstract

  • The activity of single neurons in rat cortex or hippocampus (HPC) was recorded to test two hypotheses: (1) neuronal effects of ethanol are mediated by an endogenous opiate-like mechanism (for example, by release of an endogenous opioid peptide), and; (2) ethanol-induced formation of aldehyde-catecholamine condensation products (tetrahydroisoquinolines; TIQs) might contribute to some acute actions of ethanol. Ethanol and all TIQs were applied to single neurons from multibarrel micropipettes by electroosmosis or pressure. Ethanol most often inhibited neurons of the parietal cortex, while activating most HPC pyramidal neurons. Tetrahydropapaveroline (THP) most often inhibited the spontaneous and glutamate- or acetylcholine (ACh)-induced firing of neurons in both these regions, although some excitations were also seen. In contrast, salsolinol and 7-O-methyl-salsolinol predominantly excited HPC pyramidal neurons, but depressed most parietal cortical neurons. Iontophoretic or SC naloxone usually antagonized the excitatory actions of ethanol, salsolinol and methionine5-enkephalin on HPC pyramidal cells; however, ACh-induced speeding also was antagonized occasionally. Conversely, the antimuscarinic agent scopolamine antagonized the excitatory actions of salsolinol, but not those of met-enkephalin, in some HPC pyramidal cells. These results and those of previous studies show that acutely applied ethanol or salsolinol elicits a region-specific pattern of neuronal effects in brain similar to that previously described for opiates: activity is inhibited in several tested brain areas but excited in hippocampus. Furthermore, these excitatory effects are antagonized by naloxone. However, because of the occasional apparent non-specific effects of naloxone and the puzzling antagonism of the salsolinol-induced excitations by scopolamine, some doubt remains whether the opiate-like actions of these substances can be completely attributed to mediation by opiate receptors.

subject areas

  • Animals
  • Cerebral Cortex
  • Endorphins
  • Ethanol
  • Hippocampus
  • Isoquinolines
  • Magnesium
  • Male
  • Naloxone
  • Neurons
  • Papaverine
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred Strains
  • Scopolamine Hydrobromide
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Tetrahydroisoquinolines
  • Tetrahydropapaveroline
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Identity

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0091-3057

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1016/0091-3057(82)90365-3

PubMed ID

  • 7178189
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 813

end page

  • 821

volume

  • 17

issue

  • 4

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