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Pathophysiology of experimental glomerulonephritis in rats

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Allison, M. E.
  • Wilson, Curtis
  • Gottschalk, C. W.

publication date

  • 1974

journal

  • Journal of Clinical Investigation  Journal

abstract

  • Micropuncture, clearance, immunofluorescence and light microscopy techniques were used to study kidney structure and single nephron function in rats with autologous immune complex nephritis (AICN), a membranous glomerulonephritis developing over 5 to 20 mo, in the more acute and proliferative glomerular basement membrane (GBM) nephritis and in controls. Both models are known to have clinical counterparts in human disease. Kidney functional abnormalities correlated with the degree of architectural derangement. In both AICN and anti-GBM nephritis filtration fraction fell in direct proportion to the fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal plasma flow being unchanged. Fractional electrolyte excretion increased as the GFR fell. Despite marked heterogeneity of single nephron filtration rate (SNGFR) (AICN, 5-93 nl/min; anti-GBM, 0-50 nl/min) and of proximal tubular hydrostatic pressure (4-48 mm Hg), each nephron showed almost complete glomerulotubular balance, absolute reabsorption to the late proximal convolution varying directly with filtration rate. In addition SNGFR could be related both to proximal intratubular hydrostatic pressure and to calculated glomerular capillary pressure (Pg), being lowest in those nephrons with the highest intratubular pressure. Nephrons with very high filtration rates did not apparently reach filtration equilibrium. Mean SNGFR was significantly lower in the anti-GBM group, while calculated Pg was the same in both. This probably reflects the acute and diffuse involvement of the anti-GBM lesion with different filtration characteristics from the more chronic AICN disease. Tubular damage was more marked in AICN, and extraction of p-aminohippurate was reduced in this group.

subject areas

  • Blood Proteins
  • Blood Urea Nitrogen
  • Carbon Radioisotopes
  • Cholesterol
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • Hydrostatic Pressure
  • Kidney
  • Kidney Tubules, Proximal
  • Nephrons
  • Proteinuria
  • Tritium
  • Water-Electrolyte Balance
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Identity

PubMed Central ID

  • PMC302629

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0021-9738

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1172/jci107689

PubMed ID

  • 4825232
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 1402

end page

  • 1423

volume

  • 53

issue

  • 5

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