A new strategy for improved nicotine vaccines using conformationally constrained haptens

Academic Article
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publication date

  • 2003

abstract

  • Constrained nicotine analogues were synthesized and coupled to the carrier protein KLH. The immunogenic effects were compared to those using our previously designed flexible nicotine hapten. Immunization of mice with the constrained hapten conjugates resulted in highly increased antibody titers and affinity for nicotine.