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Nitric oxide is an essential negative regulator of cell proliferation in Xenopus brain

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Peunova, N.
  • Scheinker, V.
  • Cline, Hollis
  • Enikolopov, G.

publication date

  • November 2001

journal

  • Journal of Neuroscience  Journal

abstract

  • Mechanisms controlling the transition of a neural precursor cell from proliferation to differentiation during brain development determine the distinct anatomical features of the brain. Nitric oxide (NO) may mediate such a transition, because it can suppress DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. We cloned the gene encoding the neuronal isoform of Xenopus NO synthase (XNOS) and found that in the developing brain of Xenopus tadpoles, a zone of XNOS-expressing cells lies adjacent to the zone of dividing neuronal precursors. Exogenous NO, supplied to the tadpole brain in vivo, decreased the number of proliferating cells and the total number of cells in the optic tectum. Conversely, inhibition of NOS activity in vivo increased the number of proliferating cells and the total number of cells in the optic tectum. NOS inhibition yielded larger brains with grossly perturbed organization. Our results indicate that NO is an essential negative regulator of neuronal precursor proliferation during vertebrate brain development.

subject areas

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Brain
  • Bromodeoxyuridine
  • Cell Count
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cell Division
  • Cell Size
  • Drug Implants
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • In Situ Hybridization
  • Larva
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Morphogenesis
  • Neurons
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Nitric Oxide Donors
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I
  • Organ Specificity
  • Xenopus
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Research

keywords

  • Xenopus
  • brain
  • differentiation
  • neuron
  • neuronal precursors
  • nitric oxide
  • optic tectum
  • proliferation
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Identity

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0270-6474

PubMed ID

  • 11698593
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 8809

end page

  • 8818

volume

  • 21

issue

  • 22

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