Scripps VIVO scripps research logo

  • Index
  • Log in
  • Home
  • People
  • Organizations
  • Research
  • Events
Search form
As of April 1st VIVO Scientific Profiles will no longer updated for faculty, and the link to VIVO will be removed from the library website. Faculty profile pages will continue to be updated via Interfolio. VIVO will continue being used behind the scenes to update graduate student profiles. Please contact helplib@scripps.edu if you have questions.
How to download citations from VIVO | Alternative profile options

Full-length proteins attached to the hiv tat protein transduction domain are neither transduced between cells, nor exhibit enhanced immunogenicity

Academic Article
uri icon
  • Overview
  • Research
  • Identity
  • Additional Document Info
  • View All
scroll to property group menus

Overview

authors

  • Leifert, J. A.
  • Harkins, S.
  • Whitton, J. Lindsay

publication date

  • November 2002

journal

  • Gene Therapy  Journal

abstract

  • Several proteins have been accorded the unusual ability to translocate across cell membranes in a receptor-independent and temperature-independent manner, and this activity has been mapped to a highly basic series of residues currently termed a 'protein transduction domain' (PTD). This translocatory attribute, if authentic, would be valuable for purposes of gene therapy and vaccination. We have evaluated the PTD from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) tat protein and we conclude that, when synthesized de novo, (1) the HIV tat PTD does not enhance the immunogenicity of a full-length protein to which it is tethered; and (2) the HIV tat PTD does not cause intercellular transfer of an attached marker protein, as judged by careful quantitative analyses. From our data, and from a review of published materials, we suggest that contrary to current dogma there is little evidence that these supposedly translocatory proteins can move between live cells. Furthermore, we suggest that PTDs do not act to enhance translocation, but instead merely to increase binding to the cell surface; in which case, the term 'protein transduction domain', and the related acronym, are misnomers which should be abandoned. Our conclusions explain why the most dramatic demonstrations of PTD efficacy have been obtained using fixed cells and/or denatured proteins, and have obvious implications for gene therapy and vaccination.

subject areas

  • Animals
  • Antigen Presentation
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
  • Cell Line
  • Epitopes
  • Gene Expression
  • Gene Products, tat
  • Genetic Therapy
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins
  • Luminescent Proteins
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Transduction, Genetic
  • Vaccines, DNA
scroll to property group menus

Research

keywords

  • DNA immunization
  • DNA vaccine
  • HIV
  • protein transduction domain
  • tat
scroll to property group menus

Identity

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0969-7128

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1038/sj.gt.3301819

PubMed ID

  • 12378404
scroll to property group menus

Additional Document Info

start page

  • 1422

end page

  • 1428

volume

  • 9

issue

  • 21

©2022 The Scripps Research Institute | Terms of Use | Powered by VIVO

  • About
  • Contact Us
  • Support