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Developing ligands for palladium(II)-catalyzed C-H functionalization: intimate dialogue between ligand and substrate

Academic Article
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Overview

related to degree

  • Engle, Keary M., Ph.D. in Chemistry, Scripps Research 2008 - 2013

authors

  • Engle, Keary M.
  • Yu, Jin-Quan

publication date

  • September 2013

journal

  • Journal of Organic Chemistry  Journal

abstract

  • Homogeneous transition-metal-catalyzed reactions are indispensable to all facets of modern chemical synthesis. It is thus difficult to imagine that for much of the early 20th century, the reactivity and selectivity of all known homogeneous metal catalysts paled in comparison to their heterogeneous and biological counterparts. In the intervening decades, advances in ligand design bridged this divide, such that today some of the most demanding bond-forming events are mediated by ligand-supported homogeneous metal species. While ligand design has propelled many areas of homogeneous catalysis, in the field of Pd(II)-catalyzed C-H functionalization, suitable ligand scaffolds are lacking, which has hampered the development of broadly practical transformations based on C-H functionalization logic. In this Perspective, we offer an account of our research employing three ligand scaffolds, mono-N-protected amino acids, 2,6-disubstituted pyridines, and 2,2'-bipyridines, to address challenges posed by several synthetically versatile substrate classes. Drawing on this work, we discuss principles of ligand design, such as the need to match a ligand to a particular substrate class, and how ligand traits such as tunability and modularity can be advantageous in reaction discovery.

subject areas

  • Amino Acids
  • Catalysis
  • Ligands
  • Molecular Structure
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • Palladium
  • Pyridines
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Identity

PubMed Central ID

  • PMC3779523

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0022-3263

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1021/jo400159y

PubMed ID

  • 23565982
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 8927

end page

  • 8955

volume

  • 78

issue

  • 18

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