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Role of astroglia in Down's syndrome revealed by patient-derived human-induced pluripotent stem cells

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Chen, C.
  • Jiang, P.
  • Xue, H.
  • Peterson, S. E.
  • Tran, H. T.
  • McCann, A. E.
  • Parast, M. M.
  • Li, S.
  • Pleasure, D. E.
  • Laurent, L. C.
  • Loring, Jeanne
  • Liu, Y.
  • Deng, W.

publication date

  • July 2014

journal

  • Nature Communications  Journal

abstract

  • Down's syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy of human chromosome 21, is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. Here we use induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from DS patients to identify a role for astrocytes in DS pathogenesis. DS astroglia exhibit higher levels of reactive oxygen species and lower levels of synaptogenic molecules. Astrocyte-conditioned medium collected from DS astroglia causes toxicity to neurons, and fails to promote neuronal ion channel maturation and synapse formation. Transplantation studies show that DS astroglia do not promote neurogenesis of endogenous neural stem cells in vivo. We also observed abnormal gene expression profiles from DS astroglia. Finally, we show that the FDA-approved antibiotic drug, minocycline, partially corrects the pathological phenotypes of DS astroglia by specifically modulating the expression of S100B, GFAP, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and thrombospondins 1 and 2 in DS astroglia. Our studies shed light on the pathogenesis and possible treatment of DS by targeting astrocytes with a clinically available drug.

subject areas

  • Animals
  • Astrocytes
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cell Survival
  • Cell Transplantation
  • Culture Media, Conditioned
  • Down Syndrome
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
  • Homeodomain Proteins
  • Humans
  • Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Mutant Strains
  • Minocycline
  • Neural Stem Cells
  • Neurons
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
  • S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit
  • Thrombospondin 1
  • Thrombospondins
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Identity

PubMed Central ID

  • PMC4109022

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 2041-1723

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1038/ncomms5430

PubMed ID

  • 25034944
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 4430

volume

  • 5

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