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Regulation of immune responses by extracellular vesicles

Academic Article
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Overview

authors

  • Robbins, Paul D.
  • Morelli, A. E.

publication date

  • March 2014

journal

  • Nature Reviews Immunology  Journal

abstract

  • Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, are small membrane vesicles derived from multivesicular bodies or from the plasma membrane. Most, if not all, cell types release extracellular vesicles, which then enter the bodily fluids. These vesicles contain a subset of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids that are derived from the parent cell. It is thought that extracellular vesicles have important roles in intercellular communication, both locally and systemically, as they transfer their contents, including proteins, lipids and RNAs, between cells. Extracellular vesicles are involved in numerous physiological processes, and vesicles from both non-immune and immune cells have important roles in immune regulation. Moreover, extracellular vesicle-based therapeutics are being developed and clinically tested for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders and cancer. Given the tremendous therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles, this Review focuses on their role in modulating immune responses, as well as their potential therapeutic applications.

subject areas

  • Animals
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Biological Transport
  • Cell Communication
  • Cell Membrane
  • Exosomes
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppression
  • Mice
  • MicroRNAs
  • Multivesicular Bodies
  • Neoplasms
  • RNA, Messenger
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
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Identity

PubMed Central ID

  • PMC4350779

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 1474-1733

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1038/nri3622

PubMed ID

  • 24566916
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Additional Document Info

start page

  • 195

end page

  • 208

volume

  • 14

issue

  • 3

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